/* Layout: a quarterly trade journal — centred masthead with volume line, wide reading column,
   metadata set like purchase-order fields in a mono face. */
:root {
  --paper: #f4f5f1;
  --sheet: #fbfbf8;
  --ink: #18201f;
  --muted: #5a6563;
  --rule: #cfd6d2;
  --accent: #0e5059;
  --accent-soft: #e2ecea;
  --font-mast: "Bodoni Moda", "Didot", "Bodoni 72", Georgia, serif;
  --font-text: "Newsreader", "Iowan Old Style", Georgia, serif;
  --font-meta: "IBM Plex Mono", ui-monospace, "SF Mono", Menlo, monospace;
}
@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {
  :root:not([data-theme="light"]) {
    --paper: #111615; --sheet: #161d1c; --ink: #e4e9e6; --muted: #9aa6a3;
    --rule: #2e3a38; --accent: #7cc0c6; --accent-soft: #1d2d2c; color-scheme: dark;
  }
}
:root[data-theme="dark"] {
  --paper: #111615; --sheet: #161d1c; --ink: #e4e9e6; --muted: #9aa6a3;
  --rule: #2e3a38; --accent: #7cc0c6; --accent-soft: #1d2d2c; color-scheme: dark;
}

* { box-sizing: border-box; }
html { -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%; }
body {
  margin: 0; background: var(--paper); color: var(--ink);
  font-family: var(--font-text); font-size: 1.125rem; line-height: 1.6;
  padding-inline: 16px;
}
a { color: var(--accent); text-underline-offset: 0.18em; }
a:focus-visible, button:focus-visible { outline: 2px solid var(--accent); outline-offset: 3px; }
.wrap { max-width: 68rem; margin-inline: auto; }

/* Masthead */
.mast { text-align: center; padding-block: 2.5rem 1.25rem; border-bottom: 3px double var(--ink); }
.mast-kicker, .meta, .volline, .sec-label, .btn, .toc-meta, .foot {
  font-family: var(--font-meta); font-size: 0.75rem; letter-spacing: 0.08em; text-transform: uppercase;
}
.mast-kicker { color: var(--muted); margin: 0 0 0.6rem; }
.mast-title {
  font-family: var(--font-mast); font-weight: 600; font-size: clamp(2.6rem, 9vw, 5.5rem);
  line-height: 1; margin: 0; letter-spacing: -0.01em;
}
.mast-title a { color: inherit; text-decoration: none; }
.mast-title.small { font-size: clamp(1.8rem, 5vw, 2.6rem); }
.mast-sub { font-style: italic; color: var(--muted); margin: 0.7rem 0 0; font-size: 1.05rem; }
.volline {
  display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; justify-content: space-between; gap: 0.4rem 1.5rem;
  padding-block: 0.6rem; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule); color: var(--muted);
}
.volline nav { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 0.4rem 1.25rem; }
.volline nav a { color: var(--ink); text-decoration: none; }
.volline nav a:hover { color: var(--accent); }

/* Front page */
.front { display: grid; grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 2fr) minmax(0, 1fr); gap: 3rem; padding-block: 2.5rem; }
@media (max-width: 860px) { .front { grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr); gap: 2rem; } }
.sec-label { color: var(--accent); margin: 0 0 0.5rem; }
.lead h2 { font-size: clamp(1.9rem, 4.2vw, 2.9rem); line-height: 1.12; margin: 0 0 0.8rem; font-weight: 500; text-wrap: balance; }
.lead h2 a, .entry h3 a { color: inherit; text-decoration: none; }
.lead h2 a:hover, .entry h3 a:hover { color: var(--accent); }
.lead .standfirst { font-size: 1.2rem; color: var(--muted); margin: 0 0 1rem; max-width: 40rem; }
.meta { color: var(--muted); display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 0.3rem 1rem; margin: 0 0 1rem; }
.formats { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 0.6rem; }
.btn {
  display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: 0.45rem; padding: 0.55rem 0.9rem;
  border: 1px solid var(--ink); color: var(--ink); text-decoration: none; background: transparent;
}
.btn:hover { background: var(--ink); color: var(--paper); }
.btn.primary { background: var(--accent); border-color: var(--accent); color: var(--sheet); }
.btn.primary:hover { filter: brightness(1.1); background: var(--accent); color: var(--sheet); }
.btn svg { width: 0.95em; height: 0.95em; fill: none; stroke: currentColor; stroke-width: 2; }

.issue { display: grid; gap: 0; margin-top: 2.5rem; border-top: 1px solid var(--ink); }
.entry { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 7.5rem minmax(0, 1fr); gap: 1.25rem; padding-block: 1.5rem; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule); }
@media (max-width: 560px) { .entry { grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr); gap: 0.3rem; } }
.entry .sec-label { margin-top: 0.35rem; }
.entry h3 { font-size: 1.45rem; line-height: 1.2; margin: 0 0 0.4rem; font-weight: 500; text-wrap: balance; }
.entry p { margin: 0 0 0.8rem; color: var(--muted); }

.side { display: grid; gap: 2rem; align-content: start; }
.panel h2 { font-family: var(--font-meta); font-size: 0.75rem; letter-spacing: 0.08em; text-transform: uppercase; font-weight: 500; margin: 0 0 0.9rem; padding-bottom: 0.5rem; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--ink); }
.toc { list-style: none; margin: 0; padding: 0; display: grid; gap: 0.9rem; }
.toc a { color: var(--ink); text-decoration: none; display: grid; grid-template-columns: 3.2rem minmax(0,1fr); gap: 0.6rem; line-height: 1.3; }
.toc a:hover span:last-child { color: var(--accent); }
.toc-meta { color: var(--muted); padding-top: 0.15rem; }
.portrait {
  width: 4.5rem; height: 4.5rem; border-radius: 50%; display: grid; place-items: center;
  background: var(--accent-soft); color: var(--accent); font-family: var(--font-mast); font-size: 1.6rem; font-weight: 600;
}
.bio-short { font-size: 1rem; }
.bio-short p { margin: 0.8rem 0 0; }

.about { border-top: 3px double var(--ink); padding-block: 2.5rem; display: grid; grid-template-columns: 7.5rem minmax(0, 40rem); gap: 1.5rem; }
@media (max-width: 560px) { .about { grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr); } }
.about h2 { font-size: 2rem; font-weight: 500; margin: 0 0 0.25rem; }
.about .role { font-style: italic; color: var(--muted); margin: 0 0 1rem; }
.about p { margin: 0 0 1rem; }

.foot { color: var(--muted); border-top: 1px solid var(--rule); padding-block: 1.25rem 2.5rem; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; justify-content: space-between; gap: 0.5rem 1.5rem; }

/* Article page */
.article { max-width: 42rem; margin-inline: auto; padding-block: 2.5rem 1rem; }
.article-head { border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule); padding-bottom: 1.5rem; margin-bottom: 2rem; }
.article-head h1 { font-size: clamp(2rem, 5.5vw, 3.1rem); line-height: 1.1; font-weight: 500; margin: 0 0 0.9rem; text-wrap: balance; }
.article-head .standfirst { font-size: 1.25rem; color: var(--muted); margin: 0 0 1.2rem; font-style: italic; }
.byline { font-size: 1rem; margin: 0 0 1rem; }
.article .lede { font-size: 1.25rem; line-height: 1.55; }
.article .lede::first-letter { font-family: var(--font-mast); float: left; font-size: 3.6em; line-height: 0.85; padding: 0.06em 0.1em 0 0; color: var(--accent); }
.article h2 { font-size: 1.5rem; font-weight: 600; margin: 2.2rem 0 0.6rem; line-height: 1.25; text-wrap: balance; }
.article p, .article li { hyphens: auto; }
.article ul, .article ol { padding-left: 1.3rem; }
.article li { margin-bottom: 0.5rem; }
.figure { margin: 2rem 0; padding: 1.25rem; background: var(--sheet); border: 1px solid var(--rule); }
.figure svg { width: 100%; height: auto; display: block; }
.figure figcaption { font-family: var(--font-meta); font-size: 0.75rem; color: var(--muted); margin-top: 0.75rem; }
.q { stroke: var(--rule); stroke-width: 1; }
.q-lev, .q-non { fill: var(--sheet); }
.q-str { fill: var(--accent-soft); }
.q-bot { fill: var(--paper); }
.q-title { font-family: var(--font-text); font-size: 20px; font-weight: 600; fill: var(--ink); }
.q-sub { font-family: var(--font-text); font-size: 14px; fill: var(--muted); }
.fig-axis line { stroke: var(--ink); stroke-width: 1.2; }
.fig-axis text { font-family: var(--font-meta); font-size: 11px; fill: var(--muted); letter-spacing: 0.04em; }
.table-wrap { overflow-x: auto; margin: 1.5rem 0; }
table { border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 0.95rem; min-width: 32rem; }
th, td { text-align: left; vertical-align: top; padding: 0.55rem 0.7rem 0.55rem 0; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule); }
th { font-family: var(--font-meta); font-size: 0.7rem; letter-spacing: 0.08em; text-transform: uppercase; font-weight: 500; color: var(--muted); border-bottom-color: var(--ink); }
td:first-child { font-weight: 600; white-space: nowrap; }
.formula { font-family: var(--font-meta); font-size: 1.15rem; text-align: center; padding: 1rem; margin: 1.25rem 0; border-block: 1px solid var(--rule); }
.worked { background: var(--accent-soft); padding: 1.1rem 1.25rem; margin: 1.5rem 0; font-size: 1rem; }
.worked p { margin: 0 0 0.6rem; } .worked p:last-child { margin: 0; }
.worked-title { font-family: var(--font-meta); font-size: 0.72rem; letter-spacing: 0.08em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--accent); }
.author-box { max-width: 42rem; margin: 2.5rem auto 0; padding-block: 1.5rem; border-top: 3px double var(--ink); display: grid; grid-template-columns: 4.5rem minmax(0, 1fr); gap: 1.25rem; font-size: 1rem; }
.author-box p { margin: 0 0 0.5rem; }
.article-end { max-width: 42rem; margin: 0 auto; padding-block: 1rem 2rem; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 0.6rem; justify-content: space-between; align-items: center; }
.print-only { display: none; }

@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference) { .btn { transition: background 0.15s, color 0.15s; } }

/* PDF / print edition */
@page { size: A4; margin: 20mm 22mm 22mm; }
@media print {
  :root { --paper: #fff; --sheet: #fff; --ink: #111; --muted: #555; --rule: #bbb; --accent: #0e5059; --accent-soft: #eaf1f0; }
  body { font-size: 10.5pt; line-height: 1.5; padding: 0; background: #fff; }
  .no-print, .volline nav, .formats, .article-end, .mast-sub { display: none !important; }
  .print-only { display: block; }
  .mast { padding-block: 0 8pt; }
  .mast-title.small { font-size: 22pt; }
  .volline { padding-block: 4pt; font-size: 7pt; }
  .article { max-width: none; padding-block: 14pt 0; }
  .article-head h1 { font-size: 24pt; }
  .article h2 { font-size: 13pt; break-after: avoid; }
  .figure, .worked, table, .formula { break-inside: avoid; }
  .author-box { max-width: none; break-inside: avoid; }
  a { color: inherit; text-decoration: none; }
  .print-note { font-family: var(--font-meta); font-size: 7pt; color: var(--muted); margin-top: 14pt; border-top: 1px solid var(--rule); padding-top: 6pt; }
}
.mast-compact { padding-block: 1.5rem 1rem; }
.formats-note { margin: 0; font-size: 1rem; }
.about .sec-label { margin-top: 0.6rem; }
.about-lede { font-size: 1.25rem; line-height: 1.5; }
.contact { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; align-items: baseline; gap: 0.25rem 0.6rem; overflow-wrap: anywhere; }
.contact-label { font-family: var(--font-meta); font-size: 0.72rem; letter-spacing: 0.08em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--muted); }
.foot a { color: var(--muted); text-transform: none; letter-spacing: 0.02em; }
@media print { .contact a { color: var(--accent); } }
.linkedin { display: inline-flex; align-items: center; color: var(--accent); align-self: center; }
.linkedin svg { width: 1.15rem; height: 1.15rem; fill: currentColor; }
.linkedin:hover { filter: brightness(1.2); }
.foot-links { display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: 0.6rem; }
.foot .linkedin svg { width: 0.95rem; height: 0.95rem; }
.article h3 { font-size: 1.2rem; font-weight: 600; margin: 1.8rem 0 0.5rem; line-height: 1.3; text-wrap: balance; }
.article-note { font-style: italic; color: var(--muted); font-size: 1rem; margin: -0.5rem 0 1rem; }
.epigraph { margin: 0 0 2rem; padding-left: 1.25rem; border-left: 2px solid var(--accent); font-style: italic; color: var(--muted); }
.epigraph p { margin: 0 0 0.4rem; }
.epigraph cite { font-style: normal; font-family: var(--font-meta); font-size: 0.72rem; letter-spacing: 0.08em; text-transform: uppercase; }
.checklist { border: 1px solid var(--rule); padding: 1rem 1.25rem; margin: 1.5rem 0; font-size: 1rem; break-inside: avoid; }
.checklist ul { list-style: none; padding: 0; margin: 0.5rem 0 0; display: grid; gap: 0.45rem; }
.checklist li { position: relative; padding-left: 1.7rem; margin: 0; }
.checklist li::before { content: ""; position: absolute; left: 0; top: 0.3em; width: 0.85em; height: 0.85em; border: 1.5px solid var(--accent); }
.refs { font-size: 0.95rem; padding-left: 1.3rem; }
.refs li { margin-bottom: 0.5rem; hyphens: none; }
td:first-child { white-space: normal; min-width: 8rem; }
.mast-tagline { font-family: var(--font-mast); font-style: italic; font-size: clamp(1.15rem, 2.8vw, 1.6rem); color: var(--accent); margin: 0.6rem 0 0; text-wrap: balance; }
.mast-tagline + .mast-sub { margin-top: 0.4rem; font-size: 0.95rem; }
caption { caption-side: top; text-align: left; font-family: var(--font-meta); font-size: 0.72rem; letter-spacing: 0.06em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--muted); padding-bottom: 0.5rem; }
.translation { font-size: 0.95rem; margin: 1rem 0 0; color: var(--muted); }
@media print { .translation { display: none; } }
.flag { display: inline-block; height: 0.62em; width: auto; aspect-ratio: 2 / 1; margin-right: 0.4em; vertical-align: 0.06em; outline: 1px solid var(--rule); }
.toc .flag { height: 0.7em; }
.entry { grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr); }
.flag-wrap { display: inline-flex; }
.byline-name { color: inherit; font-weight: 600; text-decoration: none; }
.byline-name:hover { color: var(--accent); }
.entry { gap: 0.2rem; }